Search results for " gastrointestinal motility"
showing 3 items of 3 documents
Acute activation of cannabinoid receptors by anandamide reduces gastrointestinal motility and improves postprandial glycemia in mice.
2015
International audience; The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is associated with an alteration of glucose homeostasis dependent on cannabinoid receptor-1 (CB1R) activation. However, very little information is available concerning the consequences of ECS activation on intestinal glucose absorption. Mice were injected intraperitoneally with anandamide, an endocannabinoid binding both CB1R and CB2R. We measured plasma glucose and xylose appearance after oral loading, gastrointestinal motility, and glucose transepithelial transport using the everted sac method. Anandamide improved hyperglycemia after oral glucose charge whereas glucose clearance and insulin sensitivity were impaired, pointing out so…
GABA and GABA receptors in the gastrointestinal tract: from motility to inflammation
2015
Although an extensive body of literature confirmed γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) as mediator within the enteric nervous system (ENS) controlling gastrointestinal (GI) function, the true significance of GABAergic signalling in the gut is still a matter of debate. GABAergic cells in the bowel include neuronal and endocrine-like cells, suggesting GABA as modulator of both motor and secretory GI activity. GABA effects in the GI tract depend on the activation of ionotropic GABAA and GABAC receptors and metabotropic GABAB receptors, resulting in a potential noteworthy regulation of both the excitatory and inhibitory signalling in the ENS. However, the preservation of GABAergic signalling in the gut …
A1 ADENOSINE RECEPTOR MODULATION OF CONTRACTILITY IN MOUSE DUODENUM LONGITUDINAL MUSCLE.
2010
Experimental evidence suggests that adenosine is involved in the regulation of gastrointestinal functions. In the present study we examined the influence of adenosine on the contractile activity of mouse duodenum longitudinal muscle. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction revealed the expression of all the adenosine receptors in whole thickness duodenum, being the A2B receptors expressed only in the neuromuscular layer. Mechanical activity of longitudinally oriented duodenal segments was recorded in vitro as changes in isometric tension. Adenosine produced concentration-dependent relaxation, markedly reduced by DPCPX, A1 receptor antagonist, but unaffected by DMPX or MRS 1220, A2 a…